The Lancet has featured a review on lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease), which is caused by a group of related spirochaetes—Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato or Lyme borrelia—that are transmitted by specific Ixodes spp ticks. Lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne infectious disease in North America and in countries with moderate climates in Eurasia.

The review discusses the following:

• Pathogenesis if the disease

• Clinical manifestations and epidemiological aspects

• Treatment

• Post-treatment symptoms and post-Lyme borreliosis syndrome

• Prevention

• Prognosis