This review examines the role of dimeticone lotion (Hedrin) for the eradication of head lice infestations. It discusses standard treatment options such as the conventional insecticides and medical devices, and describes the evidence for the efficacy of dimeticone, which is thought to work by immobilising head lice by covering them with the solution. The review concludes “it seems reasonable to regard dimeticone as a first-line alternative to malathion, permethrin or phenothrin, particularly for parents or patients who do not wish to use conventional insecticides